Practice & Standards

How architecture works as a profession — process, contracts, roles, regulations, and compliance frameworks.

54 Terms

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Accessibility

The design of buildings so that people of all abilities — including those using wheelchairs, walking aids, or with senso…

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Accessibility Standards

Regulations ensuring buildings are usable by people of all abilities, including mobility, vision, and hearing impairment…

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AMDAL (Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan)AMDAL

Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan — Indonesia's environmental impact assessment, required for large or sensitive devel…

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Americans with Disabilities ActADA

A US civil rights law (1990) that prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities. In architecture, ADA Standa…

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Architect

A licensed professional trained in designing buildings and leading design projects. Architects combine artistic vision w…

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Architect's Fee

The payment made by a client to an architect for professional services. Fees can be structured as a percentage of constr…

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As-Built Drawing

A record drawing that documents a building as it was actually constructed — incorporating all changes made during constr…

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Award

Recognition for excellence in architecture, given by professional organizations, publications, or competitions. Awards v…

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Bangunan Cagar Budaya

A heritage-listed building — a structure formally designated for cultural heritage protection under Indonesian Law No. 1…

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Brief

A written statement defining a project's requirements, constraints, and goals. A comprehensive brief guides the design p…

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Building Code

A set of legal regulations governing the minimum standards for the design, construction, and occupancy of buildings. Cod…

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Building Contract

A legal agreement between a client and a contractor defining the scope of work, price, programme, and responsibilities f…

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Certification Standards

Voluntary standards certifying building performance (LEED, WELL, Passive House, etc.). Certifications validate sustainab…

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Client

The person or organization commissioning and funding a building project. Clients define needs, constraints, and budgets.

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Collaboration

Working jointly with other professionals (engineers, contractors, specialists) throughout a project. Collaboration integ…

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Competition

A formal contest where architects submit designs for evaluation by a jury. Competitions are ways to win projects and gai…

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Construction Management

The process of overseeing building construction, coordinating contractors, quality control, and schedule/budget manageme…

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Consultant

A specialist hired to provide expert advice in a specific area (structural, MEP, acoustics, sustainability). Consultants…

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Contractor

A company hired to execute construction work according to designs and specifications. Contractors manage labor, material…

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Coordination

The process of ensuring all project elements work together harmoniously, including design, documentation, and constructi…

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Design and BuildD&B

A procurement route in which a single contractor is responsible for both designing and constructing the building. The cl…

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Design Development

The phase where conceptual designs are refined into detailed construction documents. Design development refines proporti…

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Design Thinking

A problem-solving methodology emphasizing empathy, ideation, prototyping, and iteration. Design thinking approaches huma…

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Developer

A company that identifies opportunities, secures sites, and commissions architects to develop real estate projects. Deve…

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Energy Code

Regulations governing building energy efficiency, including insulation, HVAC, lighting, and renewable energy requirement…

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Energy Performance CertificateEPC

A document rating the energy efficiency of a building on a scale from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). In the …

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Fees

Compensation paid to architects for design services, typically calculated as a percentage of construction cost or fixed …

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Fire Code

Regulations addressing fire prevention, egress, fire-rated assemblies, sprinkler systems, and emergency response. Fire c…

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Fire Rating

A classification that indicates how long a structural element or material can withstand a standardised fire test before …

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GSB (Garis Sempadan Bangunan)GSB

Garis Sempadan Bangunan — the mandatory setback line defining the minimum distance a building must be set back from a ro…

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IAI (Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia)IAI

Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia — the Indonesian Institute of Architects, the national professional body for licensed architect…

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IMB (Izin Mendirikan Bangunan)IMB

Izin Mendirikan Bangunan — the Indonesian building construction permit required before any building work can commence. T…

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KDB (Koefisien Dasar Bangunan)KDB

Koefisien Dasar Bangunan — the building coverage ratio, expressed as a percentage of the total site area that may be cov…

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KLB (Koefisien Lantai Bangunan)KLB

Koefisien Lantai Bangunan — the floor area ratio (FAR), representing the total permitted floor area as a multiple of the…

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Licensing

The professional certification required to practice architecture, obtained through education, experience, and examinatio…

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Listed Building

In the UK, a building officially recognised for its special architectural or historic interest and placed on a statutory…

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Novation

The legal transfer of an architect's contract from the client to the contractor, common in Design and Build procurement.…

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Part L

The section of the UK Building Regulations covering the conservation of fuel and power — in practice, the energy perform…

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Party Wall

A wall shared between two properties, typically between terraced or semi-detached houses. In the UK, the Party Wall etc.…

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PBG (Persetujuan Bangunan Gedung)PBG

Persetujuan Bangunan Gedung — the building approval system that replaced the IMB (Izin Mendirikan Bangunan) under Govern…

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Planning Application

A formal submission to a local planning authority requesting permission to carry out a development. A planning applicati…

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Planning Permission

Formal approval from a local planning authority to carry out development — including new buildings, significant alterati…

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Precedent Study

The systematic analysis of existing buildings to understand design strategies, spatial organizations, and solutions. Pre…

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Pritzker Architecture Prize

The world's most prestigious award in architecture, established in 1979 by the Pritzker family and administered by the H…

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Programme

The list of spaces, activities, and functional requirements that a building must accommodate — compiled through client c…

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Quantity SurveyorQS

A construction economics specialist who measures and manages the cost of a building project from inception to completion…

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RAB (Rencana Anggaran Biaya)RAB

Rencana Anggaran Biaya — a bill of quantities or cost estimate that itemises every material, labour, and overhead compon…

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RDTR (Rencana Detail Tata Ruang)RDTR

Rencana Detail Tata Ruang — the detailed spatial plan at the district or sub-district level that sets the land use zonin…

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RIBA Plan of Work

The standard framework used in the UK to describe the stages of a building project from initial briefing to post-occupan…

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Shop Drawing

A detailed fabrication or installation drawing prepared by a contractor or subcontractor, showing exactly how a specific…

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SLF (Sertifikat Laik Fungsi)SLF

Sertifikat Laik Fungsi — the certificate of occupancy issued after a building is completed and inspected, confirming it …

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Specification

A detailed written document accompanying construction drawings that describes the materials, products, workmanship stand…

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Structural Engineer

A specialist engineer responsible for designing the structural system of a building — ensuring it can safely support all…

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Zoning Ordinance

Local regulations governing land use, building setbacks, building heights, density, and use restrictions. Zoning ordinan…

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