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Besi Tulangan
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Definition
Reinforcing steel bar (rebar) — deformed steel bars cast within concrete to provide tensile strength that concrete alone cannot supply. In Indonesian construction, besi tulangan is categorised by diameter (8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 16 mm being most common) and by yield strength grade (BJTP for plain bar, BJTD for deformed bar). The placement, spacing, and lap lengths of besi tulangan are governed by SNI structural standards and must be shown on the structural engineer's drawings.
Example
The kolom praktis in a standard Indonesian house uses four 10 mm besi tulangan bars with 8 mm stirrups at 150 mm spacing — a configuration specified in SNI guidelines as the minimum reinforcement for a non-structural tie column in seismic zone 3.